FIRST YEAR (100L) COURSES FOR THE DEPARTMENT OF MEDICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE   COURSE OUTLINE 100 LEVEL MEDICAL LAB SCIENCE FIRST SEMESTER COURSE CODE TITLE COURSE CREDITS STATUS MTH 111 Algebra and Trigonometry 3 C CHM 111 Introductory Chemistry I 3 C CHM 113 Organic Chemistry I 3 C PHY 111 Mechanics, Thermal Physics and Properties of matter 3 C AEB 111 Introduction to Animal and Environmental Biology 3 C PBB 111 Introduction to Plant Biology and Biotechnology 3 C GST 111 Use of English I 2 C GST 112 Philosophy & Logic 2 C GST 113 Nigerian People and Culture 2 C    Total Credits----------------------------------24         100 LEVEL SECOND SEMESTER

 

COURSE CODE	TITLE	COURSE CREDITS	STATUS
AEB 121	The Mammalian body	3	C
AEB 122	Fauna Biodiversity	3	C
PHY 121	Basic principles of physics- heat and thermodynamics	3	C
CHM 124	Organic Chemistry II	3	C
GST 121	Studies, Skills and ICT	2	C
GST 122	Communication in English II	2	C
GST 123	History & Philosophy of Science	2	C
MTH 123	Vector, coordinate geometry and statistics	3	C

 

 

Total Credits----------------------------------21

 

SECOND YEAR (200L) COURSES

FIRST SEMESTER

COURSE CODE	COURSE TITLE	CREDIT LOAD	STATUS
MLS 211	Introduction to Medical Laboratory  Science I	2	C
ATM 210	General Anatomy and Gross Anatomy of the Upper Limbs	2	M
ATM 211	Gross Anatomy of Thorax	2	M
ATM 212	Basic Histology & Cytology	2	M
ATM 213	General Embryology	2	M
MBC 210	Introductory Biochemistry	2	M
PHS 211	Introductory and General Physiology	2	M
PHS 212	Blood and Body fluid Physiology	2	E
PHS 213	Cardiovascular System	2	M
PHS 214	Respiratory Physiology	2	M
CSC 110	Introduction to Computing	3	M
TOTAL:		21

 

SECOND SEMESTER

COURSE CODE	COURSE TITLE	CREDIT LOAD	STATUS
MLS 222	Introduction to Medical Laboratory Science II	2	C
ATM 220	Gross Anatomy of the Abdomen, Pelvis and Perineum	2	M
ATM 222	Systemic Histology 1	3	M
ATM 223	Systemic Embryology 1	3	M
MBC 220	Carbohydrate & Lipid Metabolism	3	M
MBC 223	Amino acid & Protein Metabolism	3	M
MBC 225	Protein Chemistry & Enzymology	3	E
PHS 221	Renal Physiology	2	E
PHS 222	Gastrointestinal Physiology	2	M
PHS 223	Endocrinology & Reproduction	3
PHS 224	Temperature Regulation	1	E
TOTAL:		21

 

THIRD YEAR (300L) COURSES

FIRST SEMESTER

COURSE CODE	COURSE TITLE	CREDIT LOAD	STATUS
MLS 310	Laboratory Posting I (SIWES)	3	C
MLS 311	Medical Laboratory  Science Ethics	2	C
MLS 312	Introduction to Medical Laboratory Science III	3	C
MLS 313	Medical Physics	3	C
MLS 314	Basic Clinical Chemistry	3	C
MLS 315	Basic Immunology	2	C
MBC 312	Intermediary Metabolism	2	C
CED  300	Introduction to Theory & Practice of Entrepreneurship	2	C
TOTAL		20

 

SECOND SEMESTER

COURSE CODE	COURSE TITLE	CREDIT LOAD	STATUS
MLS 320	Laboratory Posting II (SIWES)	3	C
MLS 321	Introductory Microbiology	2	C
MLS 322	Laboratory Instrumentation & Techniques	3	C
MLS 323	Fundamental Blood Transfusion Science	3	C
MLS 324	Basic Haematology	3	C
MLS 325	General Pathology (Basic Histopathology)	3	C
MLS 326	Laboratory Management & Organization	2	C
PCO 320	Introductory Pharmacology	2	C
TOTAL		21

 

Industrial attachment in accredited hospital or medical/research laboratory for a period of three months. Supervision and training in the hospital laboratory shall be conducted by consulted medical laboratory scientists with current practicing license issued by Medial Laboratory Science Council of Nigeria.

 

 

 

FOURTH YEAR (400L) COURSES

FIRST SEMESTER

COURSE CODE	COURSE TITLE	CREDIT LOAD	STATUS
MLS 410	Laboratory Posting III (SIWES)	3	C
MLS 411	Medical Parasitology & Entomology	3	C
MLS 412	Basic Medical Bacteriology & Mycology	3	C
MLS 413	Introduction to Haemoglobin, Haemoglobinopathy&Myeloproliferation	3	C
MLS 414	Introduction to Blood Group Systems & Compatibility Tests	3	C
MLS 415	Analytical Chemistry	3	M
MLS 416	Introduction to Cytology	2	C
MLS 417	Nucleic Acid Biochemistry & Basic Concepts of Molecular Biology	2	E
TOTAL		20	C

 

 

SECOND SEMESTER

COURSE CODE	COURSE TITLE	CREDIT LOAD	STATUS
MLS 420	Laboratory Posting IV (SIWES)	3	C
MLS 421	Biostatistics	2	C
MLS 422	Virology	3	C
MLS 423	Introduction to Histopathology Techniques and Museum	3	C
MLS 424	Biomedical Engineering	2	C
MLS 425	Biotechnology & Bioinformatics	2	C
MLS 426	Counseling skills	2	C
MLS 427	Immunology/Immunochemistry	3	C
TOTAL		20

FIRST PROFESSIONAL EXAMINATION –

PRACTICAL AND VIVA

 

 

 

FIFTH YEAR (500L) COURSES

CLINICAL CHEMISTRY (SPECIALTY)

FIRST SEMESTER

COURSE CODE	COURSE TITLE	CREDIT LOAD	STATUS
MLS 510	Laboratory Posting V (SIWES)	3	C
MLS 511	Seminar	2	C
MLS 512	Research Methodology	3	C
MLS 531	Carbohydrate, protein and Lipid Metabolism	3	C
MLS 532	Renal, Liver and Neurochemistry	3	C
MLS 533	Clinical Enzymology	3	C
MLS 534	Nutrition and Clinical Vitaminology	2	C
TOTAL		19

SECOND SEMESTER

COURSE CODE	COURSE TITLE	CREDIT LOAD	STATUS
MLS 520	Laboratory Posting VI (SIWES)	3	C
MLS 521	Genetics & Molecular Biology	2	C
MLS 522	Project	6	C
MLS 535	Drug Monitoring, Toxicology & Inborn Error of Metabolism	3	C
MLS 536	Clinical & Reproductive Endocrinology	3	C
MLS 537	Techniques in Clinical Chemistry	3	C
TOTAL		20

FINAL PROFESSIONAL EXAMINATION –

PRACTICAL & VIVA

 

HAEMATOLOGY & BLOOD TRANSFUSION SCIENCE (SPECIALTY)

FIRST SEMESTER

COURSE CODE	COURSE TITLE	CREDIT LOAD	STATUS
MLS 510	Laboratory Posting V (SIWES)	3	C
MLS 511	Seminar	2	C
MLS 512	Research Methodology	3	C
MLS 513	Cytogenetics	2	C
MLS 541	Haemopoiesis, Haemoglobin, Haemoglobinopathies&Myeloproliferations	3	C
MLS 542	Blood Group Systems & Compatibility Tests	3	C
MLS 543	Serology & Blood Transfusion Science	3	C
TOTAL		19

 

SECOND SEMESTER

COURSE CODE	COURSE TITLE	CREDIT LOAD	STATUS
MLS 520	Laboratory Posting VI (SIWES)	3	C
MLS 521	Genetics & Molecular Biology	2	C
MLS 522	Project	6	C
MLS 544	Advanced Haematological Techniques	3	C
MLS 545	Advanced Blood Group Serology Techniques	3	C
MLS 546	Coagulation and Fibrinolysis Studies	3	C
TOTAL		20

FINAL PROFESSIONAL EXAMINATION – PRACTICAL & VIVA

 

HISTHOPATHOLOGY (SPECIALITY)

FIRST SEMESTER

COURSE CODE	COURSE TITLE	CREDIT LOAD	STATUS
MLS 510	Laboratory Posting V (SIWES)	3	C
MLS 511	Seminar	2	C
MLS 512	Research Methodology	3	C
MLS 513	Cytogenetics	2	C
MLS 551	Fundamental Histopathology	3	C
MLS 552	Systemic Histopathology	3	C
MLS 553	Histochemistry and Histological Techniques	3	C
TOTAL		19

 

SECOND SEMESTER

COURSE CODE	COURSE TITLE	CREDIT LOAD	STATUS
MLS 520	Laboratory Posting VI (SIWES)	3	C
MLS 521	Genetics & Molecular Biology	2	C
MLS 522	Project	6	C
MLS 554	Medical Cytology	2	C
MLS 555	Embalment Science and Museum Techniques	2	C
MLS 556	Immunochemistry	2	C
MLS 557	Stains and Staining Techniques	3	C
TOTAL		20

         FINAL PROFESSIONAL EXAMINATION – PRACTICAL & VIVA

 

MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY (SPECIALITY)

FIRST SEMESTER

COURSE CODE	COURSE TITLE	CREDIT LOAD	STATUS
MLS 510	Laboratory Posting V (SIWES)	3	C
MLS 511	Seminar	2	C
MLS 512	Research Methodology	3	C
MLS 561	Systemic Bacteriology	3	C
MLS 562	Advanced Entomology	2	C
MLS 563	Public Health Microbiology	3	C
MLS 564	Medical Mycology	3	C
TOTAL		19

 

SECOND SEMESTER

COURSE CODE	COURSE TITLE	CREDIT LOAD	STATUS
MLS 520	Laboratory Posting VI (SIWES)	3	C
MLS 521	Genetics & Molecular Biology	2	C
MLS 522	Project	6	C
MLS 565	Medical Virology	3	C
MLS 566	Pharmaceutical Microbiology & Microbial Genetics	3	C
MLS 567	Laboratory Techniques in Microbiology	3	C
TOTAL		20

 

FINAL PROFESSIONAL EXAMINATION – PRACTICAL & VIVA

DESCRIPTION OF COURSES

 

200 LEVEL COURSES:

 

MLS 211: INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL LABORTORY SCIENCE I (2 credits)

General introduction to medical laboratory science subjects namely, Clinical Chemistry, Haematology and Blood Transfusion Science.  Medical Microbiology, Histopathology and Immunology, Specimen collection, reception and registration.Storage and disposal, Specimen bottle. Safety precaution in pathology laboratories against chemical, biological, electrical materials and radiation hazards.Techniques and principles of chemical sterilization and physical methods. Glassware cleaning care and maintenance, Breeding of laboratory animals.

 

ATM 210: GENERAL ANATOMY AND GROSS ANATOMY OF THE UPPER LIMBS  (2 credits)

The general descriptive terms as used in the study of the human body would be introduced. The techniques used to study the human body would also be introduced. The normal anatomical position and directional movement of body parts would be introduced.

The gross anatomy of the upper limbs: pectoral region, Axilla, Brachial plexus, scapular region, brachium, carpal tunnel, Hand, Nerve injuries, oseteo-logy and joint of the upper limb, the vascular anastomosis and lymphatic drainage of the breast and upper limb would be studied.

 

ATM 211: GENERAL GROSS ANATOMY OF THORAX   (2 credits)

Description of the thorax: The sternum and ribs, thoracic vertebrae, Heart and great vessels, thoracic duct, dissection of the entire thoracic region, Azygos system of vein, intercostal spaces, Mediastinum, lungs bronchiopulmonary tree and segments, thoracic diaphragm, Aorta and respiratory movement. Dissected specimens will be demonstrated to the students.

 

ATM 212: GENERAL BASIC HISTOLOGY AND CYTOLOGY   (2 Credits)

Description: Structure and the function of the cell, general histology and basic tissues of the body. Preparation of tissues for microscopy is a practical oriented course that is studied along side with the theoretically based lecture.

 

ATM 213:  GENERAL EMBRYOLOGY                  (2 Credits)

General consideration of the male and female reproductive organs.Gametogenesis, fertilization, implantation, cleavage, the morula, the blastocyst formation of the primitive streak, the Bilaminar and trilaminar germ disc.Development of tissues and organ systems of the embryo, the chorionic and amniotic cavities.Foetal membranes, placental formation and functions.The molecular regulation in differentiation of tissues and organs and in the establishment and patterning of the body axis.Birth defects, chromosomal and genetic factors.Twins and twin defects, general characteristics of the embryonic environment and foetal periods.

 

MBC 210: INTRODUCTORY BIOCHEMISTRY   (2 Credits)

Short history and Definition of Biochemistry.Importance of Biochemistry to medicine and other scientific disciplines. The living cell. Organization and Molecular architecture.Types of cells and their characteristics. Structure and organization of Biological membranes.Biomolecules and the origin of life.Chemistry of Biomolecules.Carbohydrates Classification, structure, distribution and functional role of named examples.Chemical properties and reactions.Essential fatty acids, Eicosanoids, fat-soluble vitamins – Structure and functions. Peptide bonds and hierarchy of protein structure Nucleic acids. RNA and DNA. Structure/function of enzymes. Zymogens.Active site and specificity of enzymes.Inhibition and Activation of enzymes.Factors affecting enzyme catalyses reaction.Allosteric enzymes.Isoenzymes.The Concepts of Avitaminoses, Hypovitaaminoses and Antivitamins. Vitamins and their Co-enzyme function. Biomedical importance of vitamins.

 

 

PHS 211:  Introductory and General physiology (2 Credits)

Cell physiology, Physiochemical principles, Body fluids and Blood transport: Control systems. Excitable and contractile Cells.Introduction to ANS.

 

PHS 212:  BLOOD AND BODY FLUID PHYSIOLOGY  (2 Credits)

Introduction and definition of body fluids and body fluid compartments.Regulation of body fluid volumes.Physiological variation of body fluid volumes.Techniques for quantifying various body fluid volumes.

Blood: Functions of blood and classifications of blood cells. Erythropoiesis.Haematological indices.Haemoglobin genotype and Blood groups. Immunology and cell defence

 

PHS 213: CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM    (2 Credits)

Definition and functions of the cardiovascular system, Cardiac muscle, Cardiac myoelectrophysiology, cardiac cycle, Circulation of blood: cardiac output and regulation. Blood pressure.Haemodynamics and microcirculation.Pulmonary, Cerebral, Coronary, Splanchnic and muscle circulation, Shock and cardiovascular changes in exercise.

 

PHS 214:  RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY            (2 Credits)

Definition and functions of the respiratory system, Physiologic anatomy of the respiratory system.Respiratory dynamics and work. Pulmonary ventilation: Lung volumes and capacities, Spirometry. Mechanism and mechanics of breathing, Lung surfactant, pulmonary circulation. Gas exchange and Gas transport. Oxygen Haemoglobin dissociation curve.Hypoxia and Dyspnoea.Respiratory changes in exercise and barometric changes.Control of breathing.

 

CSC 110:        INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTING (3 credits)

The course introduces the history of Computers, functional components of a computer, characteristics of a computer, problem solving flowcharts and algorithm. It also includes basic computer programming statement, Symbolic names: arrays subscripts expression and control statements and introduction to visual basic programming computer applications.

 

 

SECOND SEMESTER

MLS 222: INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL LABORATORY SCIENCES II

(2 Credits)

Microcopy and micrometry-use and care of microscopes.Refrigeration and freeze-dries-principles, uses, care and maintenance.Handling of laboratory animals.Laboratory location and floor plan.Laboratory organization and management.Simple analytical techniques in chemical pathology.Presentation of volumetric analysis.Urinalysis, principles of tissues preservation; fixation, processing and staining.Handling of surgical autopsy specimens. Removal of formal in pigments, basic, tools of the microbiologist-wire loop cotton wool, pipettes, swab and their uses, preparation of films and basic staining techniques: Gram’s stain, Ziehl Nelson’s stain. Hematological stain principle and components. Blood film preparation and staining, pipettes, chambers care and uses. Haemoglobin, PCV estimation, WBC counting.

 

ATM 220: GROSS ANATOMY OF THE ABDOMEN, PELVIS AND PERINEUM

(2 Credits)

Abdomen: subdivision of the abdominal region and their applied anatomy, Anterior Abdominal wall, inguinal region, posterior abdominal wall, stomach, spleen, liver, gall bladder, pancreas, small and large intestine, celiac trunk, biliary apparatus, intra and supra colic compartment and recesses, appendix renal and suprarenal gland, dissection of the entire abdominal region for proper understanding of the entire region.

Pelvis & perineum: pelvic cavity wall and diaphragm. Urinary bladder, uterus, ovary, etc).Perineum, boundaries and subdivisions. Perineal pouches, external and internal genitalia, ischiorectalfossas. General dissection of the pelvis and perineal region.

 

ATM 222: SYSTEMIC HISTOLOGY I         (3 Credits)

Systemic histology of CVS, GIT, Musculo skeletal

 

ATM 223: SYSTEMIC EMBRYOLOGY  I  (3 Credits)

The diaphragm, the cardiovascular, respiratory and gastro intestines  systems. Development of the adrenal gland, the liver, the pancreas and the spleen.The urogenital, Musculo-skeletal and integumenary system.The limbs, the molecular regulation and associated developmental anomalies of the systems.

 

MBC 220: CARBOHYDRATE AND LIPID METABOLISM         (3 Credits)

Structural inter-relationships of sugars.Stereochemistry of sugars.Hexoses, Pentoses, Disaccharides, Starch, Glycogen, and Polysaccharides.Methods of identifying sugars.Carbohydrate metabolism.Digestion and absorption.Glycolysis.TCA Cycle and Pentose Phosphate pathway.Control of Glycolysis.TCA Cycle and Pentose Phosphate pathway.  Glyoxylate Pathway. Gluconeogenesis. Glyoxylate Pathway. Gluconeogenesis.Glycogenolysis and Glycogenesis.Mitochondrail electron transport chain and Oxidative Phosphorylation.Energy generation and storage in Biological systems.

Disorders of Carbohydrate Metabolism.The pyruvate and α–Ketoglutarate complexes and their regulation.Metabolism of lipids.Digestion and absorption.Role of Lipoproteins in lipid transport.Metabolism of lipoprotein in health and disease.Triacylglycerol oxidation and oxidation of fatty acids.Storage and mobilization of energy stores in adipocytes.Ketone bodies and Ketosis.

Interrelationship of fatty acid and carbohydrate biosynthesis/oxidation.Biological importance of Eicosanoids.glycolipids and sphingolipids. The Chemistry and metabolism of Steroids and Steroid hormones.

 

MBC 223: AMINO ACID AND PROTEIN METABOLISM                       (3 Credits)

Structure of amino acids.Peptide bonds.Metabolism and transport of amino acids and proteins.Digestion and absorption.Gammaglutamyl cycle.Detailed treatment of mechanism of deamination, transamination.Glutamate Dehydrogenase, Glutamate and Glutamine synthesis.The biochemical and clinical importance of these enzymes.Fate of Carbon skeleton.Urea cycle. The concepts of nitrogen balance. Nitrogen turnover in cells.Degradation of amino acids.Ketogenic and glucogenic amino acids.Aromatic acid degradation and inborn errors of metabolism, metabolism of uric acid.Integration and Compartmentation in intermediary metabolism. Metabolism of one carbon compounds. 

 

MBC 225: PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND ENZYMOLOGY  (3 Credits)

A review of the Structural Characteristic of proteins.Determination of N and C terminal amino acid.Amino acid sequence and sulphide bridges.Determination of Protein Structure by X-Crystallography.Biological functions of proteins.The oxygen transporting proteins (haemoglobin and myoglobin), connective tissue protein.Collagen and Elastin. Structure/function relationships.

Enzymes.Isolation and Purification from animals, plants and microorganisms.Zymogens and Isoenzymes.Characteristics of enzymes. Kinectics of enzyme catalysed reaction. Allosterism.Importance of enzymology in Medicine.Coenzymes and relationships to vitamins.

 

 PHS 221: RENAL PHYSIOLOGY   (2 Credits)

Definition and functions of the kidney.Physiologic anatomy of the kidney.Glomerular filtration. Tubular functions. Urine formation:- Dilute and concentrated urine. Counter current mechanism, Plasma clearance, renal autoregulation, ECF regulation, Acid-Base balance, Renin-Angiotensin system.

 

PHS 222: GASTROINTESTINAL PHYSIOLOGY  (2 Credits)

Definition and functions, Physiologic anatomy and Innervations of the GIT, Mastication, Deglutition, Salivary gland, Digestion and food absorption, Movement and Stomach emptying, Movements of the GIT, Vomiting and defecation, GIT secretions and juices, Liver and General metabolism (BMR).

 

PHS 223: ENDOCRINOLOGY AND REPRODUCTION   (3 Credits)

Definition and functions, Definition of Hormones, Methods of Measurement, Types and mechanism of Actions, Regulation, Physiologic anatomy, Hypothalamo-Hypothalamic releasing factors, Hypothalamic Nuclei, Hypothalamo-hypophyseal system, Pituitary gland, Tropic Hormones, GIT and other local hormones.

Structure and functions of male and female reproductive organs, Androgens, Spermatogenesis and fertility.Infertility in male.Monogenesis, Sexual cycle and hormonal regulations.Fertilization, Pregnancy and Parturition, Fertility and infertility in female.Family planning.

 

PHS 224:  TEMPERATURE REGULATION                      (1 Credit)

Body temperature and the environment, Mechanisms of heat Exchange, peripheral, thermoreceptors, central thermoreceptors, hyperthermia, and hypothermia, Fever, heat Exhaustion and Heat stroke.

 

 

 

300 LEVEL COURSES:

 

MLS 310: LABORATORY POSTING I (SIWES)                 (3 Credits)

Posting of students to all sections of routine medical laboratories for on the job training under the supervision of qualified medical laboratory scientists for 2 days weekly for the entire semester. Scored log books are kept by each student per posting.

 

MLS 311: MEDICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE ETHICS            (3 credits)

History and philosophy of ethics in the practice of Medical Laboratory Science.Relationship between religion and socio—cultural values on medical ethics. Ethical issues involved in private practice. Relationship between the Medical laboratory scientist and other members of the health team.Intra professional auditing, Medical aboratory Sciences ethic and consultancy services.Elements of informed consent in research. Relationship between proper dressing, personal comportment and patient care-the psychologist’s view: Medical Laboratory Science ethics as it affects paternity disputes, infertility studies, and sexually transmitted disease etc. real case presentation medico—legal aspects of medical Laboratory practice

 

MLS 312: INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE III   (3 Credits)

Introduction to, parasitism, and other animal associations, adaptation to parasitic way of life.  How parasites invade their host.  The ineffective agents of parasites.Basic knowledge of structure, classification and life cycle of parasites of medical importance, vectors and intermediate hosts of parasites.Introduction to anthropods of medical importance.Biology of the mosquito in relation to the transmission of malaria, filiariasis and viral infections.

 

MLS 313: MEDICAL PHYSICS       (3 Credits)

Kinematical and mathematical problems—circulation of pulse, blood pressure and volume changes. The heart and blood surface tension effect. Temperature and heat flow/electricity, electrocardiograms, general radiation linear energy transfer and radiation measurement, radiation damage-detection and safety, X-ray generation and application radioisotopes production, use and disposal.

MLS 314: BASIC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY           (3 Credits)

Traditional and S. 1 units in clinical chemistry; Reference values: Gastric function test; Agents for Gastric stimulation. Ward procedures and laboratory investigation of Gastric secretion: Intestinal function tests; Digestion and absorption; cause of Malabsorption. Laboratory investigation of malabsorption. Renal functions of the kidney; measurement of Renal plasma flow, Glomerular filtration rate. Creatinine clearance, insulin clearance, concentration and dilution tests; urinary, acidification tests, urine specific gravity/Osmolarity. Dye Excretion test.Water and Electrolyte status. Blood buffers. Transport of blood gases; assessment of acid/base status.Lipids; definition and types of lipids; formation of free fatty acids, Ketone bodies and lactate; measurement of plasma lipids and lipoprotein. Plasma proteins and physiology functions; factors affecting synthesis and catabolism. Methods for the determining of total protein in serum. Carbohydrate metabolism; blood glucose homeostasis, Hyperglycemia diabetes mellitus-its cause and investigation: Hypoglycemia—types causes and investigation.

 

MLS 315: BASIC IMMUNOLOGY  (2 Credits)

The Historical background of Immunology.Classification of Immunity Innate Immunity.Development and structure of cells in the Immune system. Cellular interaction in the expression and regulation of immunity acquired.

 

MBC 312:  INTERMEDIARY METABOLISM       (2 Credits)

Integration of Metabolism.The provision of metabolic fuels. Metabolic fuels in the fed and starving states. Metabolic interrelationships between adipose tissue, liver, extra hepatic tissues and muscle.The role of hormones in intermediary metabolism.Regulation of metabolism in adipose tissue.

 

CED 300: INTRODUCTION TO THEORY AND PRACTICE OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP (2 credits)

You as an Entrepreneur, Getting started.Selecting the legal forms of business.Discovering Business Opportunities.The legal framework for the Entrepreneur.Government policies and Entrepreneurial activities, Ethical Issues in business, financing a new venture.  Sources marketing your product and services Employing people, Establishing and maintaining Accounting Records.  Budgeting for Control.

 

SECOND SEMESTER

MLS 320: LABORATORY POSTING II (SIWES)               (3 credits)

Posting of students to all section of routing Medical laboratories for on the job training under the supervision of qualified medical laboratory scientist for 2 days per week scored logbook records per bench are kept for each student per posting.

 

MLS 321: INTRODUCTORY MICROBIOLOGY  (2 Credits)

History, Morphology, growth and nutrition.Classification and identification of bacteria.Bacterial genetics, Bacteriophages, viruses, infection and resistance to infection.Sterilization and disinfection.Antimicrobial agents.Introduction to parasites and fungi.

 

MLS 322: LABORATORY INSTRUMENTATION &TECHNIQUES (3 Credits)

Instrument aspects of qualitative and quantitative analysis - theory and practice of some common analytical techniques; colorimetry, spectroflourimetry flame - photometry, conductometry, polarography etc. Osmometry, nephelometry, Turbidemetry, PH measurement by ion specific electrodes—separation techniques including Electrophoresis; paper, cellulose acetate, Agar gel starch and polyacrylamide gel; Isoelectric focusing, Isotophoresis, Chromatograhy, Ion exchange, Gel filtration, molecular sieves; dialysis filtration, solvent Extraction, centrifugation – Ultracentifiguration, Immunoeletrophoretic techniques, radio immunoassay, competitive protein binding, Isotope dilution techniques; Enzyme Immuno assay, receptor Assay, automation, Micro and Ultra Micro Analysis. Practical based on the above topics.

 

MLS 323: FUNDAMENTAL BLOOD TRANSFUSION SCIENCE (3 Credits)

ABO and Rhesus Blood Groups, Inheritance, distribution and Genetic Theory. Blood Grouping Techniques –principles, Disadvantages and Advantages. Preparation of Antisera, Antiserum titration avidity, potency and specificity.Plant lectins—preparation and standardization of antisera from lectins e.gDolochosbiflorus. Anticoagulants used in BGS; ACD, CPD-CPA-A etc in modes of action and side effects. Blood bottles (MRC) and plastic Bags-Advantages and disadvantages. Donor screening—using CUSO4 method –other methods of screening. Preparation of blood products—cryoprecipitate, platelet rich plasma, packed cells fresh frozen plasma, fibrinogen etc. storage of blood and blood products- various methods, advantages and disadvantages. Blood banking –organization structures, facilities and records. Blood group specific substance – synthesis, identification method (s) and application.  Quality control of physical and chemical reagents.Practical/Tutorials.  ABO and Rhesus grouping method Antiserum Titration DCT  and ICT antibody screening.

 

MLS 324: BASIC HAEMATOLOGY           (3 Credits)

Origin, development and function of blood cells.Synthesis and breakdown of haeomoglobin.Methods of Haemoglobin estimation.Methods of cell counting.Absolute values.Introduction to Homeostasis.Principles and mode of action of common anticoagulants.Principle and components of Hematological stains. Simple tests used in blood coagulation. Blood films –normal and abnormal practical classes.

 

MLS 325: GENERAL PATHOLOGY (BASIC HISTOPATHOLOGY) (3 Credits)

Introduction to Histopathology, fixation autolysis bacterial decomposition.Effects of fixation, common fixing agents and their uses.Secondary fixation, post –fixation and post –chroming and post mordating. Fixation, pigments Decalcification. Dehydration, clearing and infiltration/embedding. Frozen and celloidin sections. Embedding media.Basic histology of organs.Principles and application of exfoliative Cytology.Collection and fixation of specimens for Cytological examination. Museum technique- colour restoration. Mounting in museum jars.Tissues and cellular injury inflammation.Healing and repairs. Gross post- mortem slide examination to illustrate normal and abnormal features  appearance of diseased organs in routine and common tumours.

 

MLS 326: LABORATORY MANAGEMENT &ORGANIZATION  (2 Credits)

Laboratory Management, planning a medical laboratory including the provision for the reception of patients selection and storage of chemicals, materials and apparatus. Detailed knowledge of the principles, use and maintenance of common laboratory apparatus and equipment. Ventilation, air conditioning and dust control in the laboratory.  Equipment used in special workbench e.g cutting—up benches media-pouring, etc sterilization of air. Laboratory hazards and safety measures to be taken in the use of radioactive and dangerous materials.Emergency treatment for accidents. Laboratory Records Maintenance of records: reception, recording storage, filling and indexing of specimens and result. Organization and operation of a system of quality control. Supply Chain Management: Introduction to commodity supplies, SOP Manual for facilities and staff in SCM, Cataloqing and Indexing of Laboratory supplies, Introduction to LMIS, Max-Min, Inventory control system, Adjust Max-Min level. Inventory,storage and distribution of health commodities, Assessing health logistics, system selection,quantification of Medical laboratory and Health commodities, Supply, Planning and Shipment. Introduction to Medical Laboratory commodities procurement, monitory and supervision.Methods of recording experiments.

 

PCO 320: INTRODUCTORY PHARMACOLOGY            (2 Credits)

History of Pharmacology and its development.Introduction to pharmacokinetics; drug absorption and bioavailability.Drug metabolism, pharmacogenetics.Effects of disease on drug kinetics.Drug in pregnancy and the extreme age.Pharmacodynamics; dose-response relationships, LD₅₀ ED₅₀ and TD₅₀.Therapeutic index; introduction of new drugs, clinical trials; adverse drug reactions and adverse reaction surveillance.

 

400 LEVEL COURSES:

MLS 410: LABORATORY POSTING III (SWIES)              (3 Credits)

Posting of students to all sections of routine Medical Laboratories for on the job training under the supervision of qualified Medical Laboratory Scientists, for 2 days per week in the entire semester. Scored logbook records per bench are kept for each student per posting.

 

MLS 411: MEDICAL PARASITOLOGY AND ENTOMOLOGY      (3 credits)

Introduction to the parasites.Classification of protozoa, (the amoebas, the ciliates, the flagellates, Nematodes.(Ascaris, Strongyloidies, Trichuris, Guinea worms, TrichinellaEnterobius, etc.).Life cycle and pathogenicity of cestodes. (The tapeworms, Larval forms of Cestodes). Life cycle and pathogenicity of the Trematodes (The Schistosome, fasciolaparagonimus, etc.). methods of demonstration of parasite in blood, faces, vagina,urine urethra, pus from lung and liver, skin snips, etc Mechanisms of their disease production; Epidemiology and control of parasitic diseases. Arthropods of medical importance—the crustaceans ArachnidaHexapoda, Myiasis etc-their biology, life cycles and control. Life history as disease vectors various disease of medical importance transmissible by insects. Biology of mosquito in relation to transmission of malarial, filariasis and viral infections etc.

 

MLS 412: BASIC MEDICAL  BACTERIOLOGY AND MYCOLOGY  (3 Credits)

Methods for the demonstration of bacterial form and structure.Design and preparation of culture media.Sterilization and other methods of bacterial control.Aseptic procedures and methods for pure culture isolation, procedures for receiving, handling and processing of clinical specimens.Antibiotic assay, sensitivity test and chemotherapy.Plate reading.Principle and techniques         of anaerobic bacteriology.Methods of total and viable counts.Stock culture preservation, quality control of culture and media.Record-keeping in Bacteriology laboratory.Staining techniques for spores, capsules and negative staining procedure, wet preparation, motility tests.Introductory mycology.

 

MLS 413: INTRODUCTION TO HAEMOGLOBIN, HAEMOGLOBINOPATHY &

MYELOPROLIFERATIONS             (3 Credits)

Iron metabolism, folate and Vit B 12 metabolism, Nomenclature, classification and investigation of common haemoglo-binopathies, hemolytic anemia’s; myeloproferative disorder; homeostatsis and disorder of homeostasis; investigation of bleeding disorders. Bone marrow.Practical classes.

 

MLS 414: INTRODUCTION TO BLOOD GROUP SYSTEMS & COMPATIBILITY TESTS     (3 credits)

Blood groups –other blood groups e.g MNS, Duffy, Kell, Kidd etc. grouping techniques and antibody screening, clinical significance, serostatus.Antenatal serology – screening and Titration (quantitation) compatibility procedures-different methods, advantage and disadvantages, Blood Transfusion reactions.-causes and types; investigation.Risks attendant in blood transfusion- Diseases, anaphylactic, hemolytic and allergic reactions.Screening of Donor blood for diseases.Compatibility procedures- advantages and disadvantages. Practical based on the above topics.

 

MLS 415: ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY                 (3 credits)

Principles of analytical techniques in clinical chemistry-devising new techniques, biological trials and tests for acceptability. Solid/dry phase chemistry, dipstick technology, thin film technology immobilized enzymes – analytical techniques for qualitative and quantitative determination of enzymes, hormones, proteins, lipid, trace elements, non-protein nitrogen, volumetric analysis -partition, adsorption, gel filtration, ion exchange and gas liquid chromatography. Electrochemical analysis- principles of potentiometric analysis.Fractionation of proteins-fractional precipitation (salting out), chromatographic and electrophoretic procedures.Protein precipitants-mode of action and choice in analytical procedures.

 

MLS 416: INTRODUCTION TO CYTOLOGY       (2 Credits)

Collection, selection and preparation of cytology specimens (Cervical smear, Vaginal smear, Bronchial aspirates, ascitic fluids and other fluids). Cytology staining techniques, normal, atypical and malignant cells.Cornification index.Maturation index, progesterone/androgen effects.

 

MLS 417: NUCLEIC ACID BIOCHEMISTRY AND BASIC CONCEPTS OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY         (2 Credits)

Nomenclature of bases, nucleosides and nucleotides.Nucleic acids.Hydrolysis of nucleic acids.Analysis of nucleotide sequence in nucleic acids and its application in diagnosis of diseases.Nucleic acid protein complexes. Genetic role,structure and replication of DNA. Introduction to polymerase chain reaction and its application in laboratory diagnosis.

 

SECOND SEMESTER

MLS 420: LABORATORY POSTING IV (SIWES) (3 Credits)

2 days weekly for the entire semester. Scored log books are kept by each student per posting.

 

MLS 421: BIOSTATISTICS  (2 Credits)

Aims, characteristics and application of biostatistics in biomedical sciences- samples, population variables, frequently distribution, vital and descriptive statistics, measurement of central tendencies – mean, median, mode dispersion, standard deviation and coefficient of variation.Collection and presentation of data, probability distribution.Hypothetical tests of statistical significance.Analysis of variance, regression and correlation, experimental designs and clinical trails.

 

MLS 422: VIROLOGY          (3 Credits)

Morphology and life cycle of viruses, nomenclature and classification of viruses – various methods. Reproduction and multiplication of viruses, resistance, pathology, collection of clinical specimens for viral culture.Culture methods for isolation of viruses, purification, immunity, laboratory diagnosis of viral infection.Haemaglutination test, CFT, Neutralization test, systematic study of viral diseases.Interferon, immunotherapy and chemotherapy in viral infection, inclusion bodies and cytopathic effects. Viral and host interactions and identifications, Viral vaccines and immunoprophylaxis.

 

MLS 423: INTRODUCTION TO HISTOPATHOLOGY TECHNIQUES AND MUSEUM           (3 credits)

Principle of photochemical methods.DNA - demonstration by Feulgen techniques. Silver impregnation methods. Genes and genetic code.Tissue culture techniques; chromosome analysis. Autoradiography – Definition and principle. Organization of a medical Museum.Method of colour maintenance.Fixation and storage of museum specimens.Special museum techniques e.g Dawson’s Method.Principle of photography- Macro and Microphotography.Preparation of stained sections for microphotography.Preparation of specimens for macro photography.Cytological normal cells.Histology of tissues.Atypical and malignant cells.Collection of cytological smears and processing and screening.Principles of general pathology.Systemic pathology.Gastrointestinal tract.Urogental, coetaneous.Principle of electron microscopy. Practical based on the topics.

 

MLS 424: BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING (2 Credits)

Workshop practice.Principles of use, maintenance and repair of common apparatus and laboratory equipment.Principle of applied and general electronics. Circuit diagrams computer programming. Improvisation.Glass blowing and construction of simple laboratory equipment. Design techniques, improvement on existing equipment, review and modifications of laboratory methods.

 

MLS 425: BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINFORMATICS            (2 Credits)

General preparation and storage of reagents for diagnostic use.Preparation and purification of antibody and antigen for diagnostic tools.Monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies.Concepts of vaccination.Preparation, purification and storage of vaccine.Introduction to Mathematical and Computation Genomics.Its application to medicine in general and laboratory diagnosis specifically.

 

MLS 426:  COUNSELING SKILLS  (3 Credits)

Definition of counseling, care and support, types of counseling pre-test, post-test prevention primary or secondary, crisis management, problem solving, decision making couple spiritual and pastoral; who needs counseling Prospect/benefits of counseling constraints in counseling, rewarding listening skills, prevention and managing conflicts. Genetic counseling including sickle cell trait in marriage, Blood donation campaign HIV infection etc. Case studies.

 

MLS 427: IMMUNOLOGY/IMMUNOCHEMISTRY          (2 credits)

Immunoglobulin-Structure and infection.Gene Organization and assembly.Mediators of cellular Immunity. Phagocytic cell- Chemotaxis and effectors function of Macrophage and Granulocytes. The complement system.Laboratory methods of detection of antigens and antibodies.Autoimmunity, Tissue and Graft reactions Immunotolerance, self and nonself, Histocompatibility, Transplantation, Tumor Immunology, Hypersensitivity and allergy.

 

500 LEVEL COURSES:

 

GENERAL COURSES FOR ALL THE STUDENTS

FIRST SEMESTER

MLS 510: LABORATORY POSTING V (SIWES)                (3 credits)

Each student undergoes on the bench training in the different analytical techniques used in the area of specialization.  The students are to participate in the routine operation of the laboratory.  Log books are kept by each student under the supervision of a qualified medical laboratory scientists.

 

MLS 511: SEMINAR             (2 credits)

Students are to carry out intensive literature research and present seminar on selected approved topics to the Departmental colloquium.  Each presentation will be for about 15 to 20 minutes followed by general discussion.  The presentation will be scored by the group of internal assessors appointed by the department.

 

MLS 512: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY (3 Credits)

Introduction to research methodology. Collection of literature review articles. Problem definition.Sampling techniques. Experimental designs of medical and data public health studies. Questionnaire design and data collection analysis.Interpretation and utilization of research findings.The role of research in health and social welfare. The need for institutional and governmental ethnical clearance for some  research Aims, characteristics and application of biostatistics. Measures of central tendencies and variation.Collection and presentation of data.Probability sampling. Test of statistical.    Significance.Experimental designs and clinical trials.Other applications of biostatistics to clinical and preventive medicine projects. Research proposals and sourcing of funding for research projects. Arts of scholarly publications, and instructional design.

 

MLS 513: CYTOGENETICS            (2 Credits)

Theory and practice of clinical cytogenetics.Chromosome analysis, structure, organization and staining techniques.Chromosomes in man Normal karyotype and chromosome abnormalities.Mosaicism, trisomy, monosomy, translocation Klinefelters and Turner’s syndromes, sex chromatins. Inactivation of X –chromosome and sex determination. Genetic diseases.Clones, mapping of autosomes, DNA synthesis, gene in kindred segregation.X-linked inheritance.Chimeras.Genes in families and population. Selection, pedigree analysis, mutation and mutagens, Hardy Weinberg equation, genetic drift, inbreed. Slide reporting. Philadephiaand  Christ church chromosomes.

 

 

SECOND SEMESTER

MLS 520: LABORATORY POSTING VI (SIWES)                         (3 Credits)

Each student undergoes on the bench training in the different analytical techniques used in the area of specialization.  The students are to participate in the routine operation of the laboratory.  Log books are kept by each student under the supervision of a qualified medical laboratory scientists.

 

MLS 521: GENETICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY     (2 Credits)

Genomic Gene purification and amplification, polymerase chain reaction technique.Construction of genetic maps. Biotechnology – recombinant DNA, Hybriodoma.

 

MLS 522: PROJECT (6 Credits)

A supervised research project on an approved topic to be undertaken by each student for the partial fulfillment of the BMLS degree requirement.  Assessment of the project will be by both oral defense and grading of the project content.

 

CLINICAL CHEMISTRY SPECIALTY

MLS 531: CARBOHYDRATE, PROTEIN AND LIPID METABOLISM   (3 Credits)

Carbohydrate metabolism and disorder.Pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus.Diabetic ketoacidosis, Hyperosmolar non ketotic coma, lactic acidosis, Glycogen storage diseases.Insulinoma.Diagnostic criteria and Laboratory investigation.Fasting Plasma glucose, random plasma glucose, glucose tolerant test, pancreatic hormones and glycosylated hemoglobin. Lipid lipoproteins and apoproteins structure, composition and function, Intravascular metabolism and catabolism of lipoproteins. Disorders of lipid and lipoproteins.Lipid storage diseases.Cardiovascular function test.Recent advance in diagnosis of lipids disorders.Plasma proteins in health and diseases.Definition, cause and investigation of Para protein; Bence Jones proteinuria) and significance.Fractionalization of proteins.Protein electrophoresis in health and diseases.Protein degradation.Metabolic disorder and regulation of amino acid metabolism.

 

MLS 532: RENAL, LIVER & NEUROCHEMISTRY         (3 Credits)

Physiology of kidney, renal clearance and glomerular filtration rate.Renal plasma flow, maximal tubular excretory and reabsorptive capacity.Urea, creatinine and insulin clearance.Concentration and dilution tests.Renal failure, azotaemia, anurea, sodium loss in renal diseases.Aminoaciduria. Kidney diseases and kidney function test. Urinalysis in health and diseases.Features of hypernatraemia and hyponatraemia.Investigation of water and electrolyte imbalance.Homoeostasis in clinical chemistry.Acid-base balance.

The liver anatomy and physiology-an overview. Biosynthesis of bilirubin, excretion of bile pigments. Jaundice anatomical and physiological classification. Pigment excretion in jaundice. Liver diseases and liver functions test to include congo red test for amyloisis and faecal fat estimation. Biochemistry of Neoplastic disorders.Diseases of the nervous system.Basic neurochemistry, CSF –normal composition and changes in diseases.Diseases of muscles.

 

MLS 533: CLINICAL ENZYMOLOGY                   (3 Credits)

Mechanics of Enzyme action and kinetics, Activation repression phenomenon.Enzyme induction, inhibition, purification and specificity.Clinical Enzymology; Coenzymes and Isoenzymes in medicine, diagnosis importance of isoenzymes in biotechnology.

 

MLS 534: NUTRITION AND CLINICAL VITAMINOLOGY       (2 Credits)

Vitamins History and biochemical functions.Chemistry and metabolism of water and fats soluble vitamins.Their deficiency states and physiological significance.Relationship with hormones.Vitamin in health and diseases.Methods of analysis. Trace elements-Bioavailability , biochemical function, metabolism, and interaction. Hormonal control and methods of analysis.Specific elements in health and diseases.Bone diseases and investigation of bone disorders.Types, causes ETC. Causes and Investigation of nutritional disorders.

 

MLS 535: DRUG MONITORING, TOXICOLOGY AND INBORN ERROR OF METABOLISM          (3 Credits)

Introduction to assimilation, distribution, elimination and excretion of drugs.Practical and theoretical aspect of poisoning.Investigation of suspected cases of poisoning. Estimation of blood alcohol, Salicylate sulphonamide, cyanide, oxygen, CO2, ammonia and Detection of barbiturate, cocaine heroin, opium, phenothiazine, methaqualone etc in blood, urine, sweat, aspirates, etc. Porphyrin, causes, symptoms and laboratory investigation of porphyrinaemia, porphyria and porphyrinuria. Haemoglobin, synthesis, Chemistry of Haemoglobinopathies, SulpHb, CoHb, Met Hb. Definition, causes, consequences and investigation of some inborn errors of metabolism; Phenylketonuria, galactosemia fructose intolerance, Albinism, aminoaciduria.

 

MLS 536: CLINICAL AND REPRODUCTIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY (3 Credits)

Endocrine glands-organization.Cellular communication by endocrine glands.Endocrine receptor binding control of endocrine action.Endocrine glands functions; the hypothalamus, the pituitary, the parathyroid, adrenal cortex, adrenal medulla.The gonads and reproductive endocrinology.Foeto-placental function.Endocrine control of metabolism and endocrine diseases/disorder; water balance, insulin action thyroid hormone and reproduction.Investigation of male and female infertility.

 

MLS 537: TECHNIQUES IN CLINICAL CHEMISTRY      (3 Credits)

Analytical techniques, standardization and quality control.Validation of assay.Birth of a new method, devising new techniques.Biological trial and tests for acceptability.Solid/dry phase chemistry.Dipstick technology, thin film technology.Immobilized enzymes.Functional test in clinical chemistry.Liver function test.Renal function test.Gastro intestinal function test etc. Analytical techniques employed in qualitative and quantitative. Determination of (1) Enzymes-phosphates. Transaminases, Dehydrogenases, kinases (2) Hormones (3) protein-Total proteins, Albumin and globulin specific protein (4) Lipids-cholesterol, triglycerides glycerol, fatty acids and lipoproteins. (5) Trace elements-Fe, Cu, Zn, Mg, selenium (6) Non-protein nitrogen-Urea, creatinine, uric acid, amino acids and ammonia, urinalysis, determination of urine specific gravity, osmolarity, qualitative tests for protein, glucose and reducing substances. Ketone bodies, bilirubin, urobilinogen and blood.Haemoglobin and haemoglobin derivative in urine. Spectroscopy of Haemoglobinand its derivative in blood and urine. Astrup techniques. Chromatography, spectroscopy, spectrophotometry and photometry, AAS, Flame Photometer, (AES), Radioimmunoassay, ELISA and EIA.

 

HAEMATOLOGY AND BLOOD TRANSFUSION SCIENCE SPECIALITY

MLS 541: HAEMOPOIESIS, HAEMOGLOBIN, HAEMOGLOBINOPATHIES &

MYELOPROLIFERATIONS                        (3 Credits)

Erythropoiesis and blood. Blood cell counts in health and diseases. Blood indices.Anaemias, disorders of Iron metabolism, vitamin B12 and Folate deficiencies, Haemochromatosis and related storage disorders.The spleen and splenomegaly syndromes. Drugs, chemical and the blood Haemoglobinopathy, Haemoglobin genotype and phenotype.

Blood in infancy, childhood and pregnancy, Hereditary and blood disorders.Blood in microbial infections. Identification of blood parasites Immunohaematological disorders, autoimmune diseases, thrombocytopenia, leucopenia, Leukemia systemic and disseminated lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis myelomatosis and order paraproteinaemisa. Preparation and cytology of blood and bone marrow films in health and disease.

 

MLS 542: BLOOD GROUP SYSTEMS AND COMPATIBILITY TESTS  (3 Credits)

ABO and other blood groups- MNS, KELL, Kidd, Duffy, Lewis, p-1 etc.Antenatal Serology; Hemolytic diseases of the newborn.Type, etiology, antenatal and post natal management. Blood group serology in paternity dispute. Haemolysin titration.Absorption and elution techniques.Indication and complication of blood transfusion. Red cell survival tests— radioisotope and differential agglutination methods. Screening of blood donor for infective agents – HIV, HBV, malaria, filarial, trypanosomes, syphilis, etc. anonymous result in blood grouping. False positive and false negative result in compatibility testing.Preparation and standardization of AHG.

 

MLS 543: SEROLOGY AND BLOOD TRANSFUSION SCIENCE (3 Credits)

Leucocytes and platelet antigen and antibody. Auto-immunization IgM, IgG, IgA antibodies. National Blood Transfusion Service.Preparation of commercial quantities of polyclonal antisera.Principles, uses and techniques of producing monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies.Types of blood substitutes and preservations.Preparations of blood products.WHO standards in BGS.Red cells membrane structure in relation to blood antigen locations.

 

MLS 544: ADVANCED HAEMATOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES         (3 Credits)

Principles and techniques of Isoelectric focusing. Protein separation of column chromatography.Finger printing, principles and techniques.Purification of proteins and enzymes.Ultracentrifugation and molecular weight determination.Culture of blood cells and parasite.Leukocyte typing platelet aggregation- principles and techniques.Radioisotopes in Heamatology; Isotope labeling techniques, measurement of radioactivity Fluorescent antibody techniques. Radioimmunoassay, ELIZA,  western blotting immunoelectrophoresis, competitive protein binding. Automation in Haematology, Electrophoresis- starch agar gel and polyacrilamide gel and polyacrilamide gel.Principle of polymerase chain reaction.Cytochemicalprocedurces.Lymphocyte Transformation Tests.Paul—Bunnel.test.

 

MLS 545: ADVANCED BLOOD GROUP SEROLOGY TECHNIQUES (3 Credits)

Techniques for emergency compatibility testing – low ionic sucrose solution, spin coomb’s albumin special compatibility techniques Exchange and extracorporeal blood transfusion. Preparation of enzymes used in BGS. Forensic application of BGS, Two stage Coomb’s technique Automation in BGS- Group and cross matchings Techniques, autoanalysers for antibodies and antigen detection and identification, etc.

 

MLS 546: COAGULATION AND FIBRINOLYSIS STUDIES     (3 Credits)

Platelet functions, normal and abnormal haemostasis, measurement of bleeding time.  Vascular integrity.  Coagulation factors, Assessment of coagulation time. One stage prothrombin time, “Thrombotest” Thromboplastin generation.Haemophilia state, assay of anti-haemophilic factor (VIII), recalcificationtime.Fibrinolytic activities, rapid demonstration of fibrinogen deficiency.Simple assessment of fibrinolysis.  General Principles underlying clotting factor assay and measurement of fibrinolytic activity.  Platelet substitute solutions.  Fibrin plates.Control of anticoagulant therapy.

 

 

HISTOPATHOLOGY SPECIALTY

MLS 551: FUNDAMENTAL HISTOPATHOLOGY           (3 Credits)

Fixation: Purpose and effect of fixative composition and uses of fixatives and their respective action on tissue components.  Microscopic appearance of tissues after various methods of fixation. Function and scope of secondary fixation, post fixation and post mordantings.  Knowledge of fixation of tissues for histochemical methods to include freeze drying and freeze drying substitutes.  Decalcification - processing techniques – paraffin wax, embedding media for mechanical and manual processing.  Microtomy – Microtomes (manipulation and uses of rocking, rotary, sledge, freezing, cryostat and ultra-microtomes), knives – selection and maintenance for various microtomes, manual and mechanical sharpening.Section cutting (techniques used with different embedding media, attachment of sections to slides-frozen section techniques method for rapid diagnosis.

 

MLS 552: SYSTEMIC HISTOPATHOLOGY          (3 Credits)

This course exposes the students more into general pathology, control of results and management of Histopathology laboratory. More facts of Electron microscopy and Autoradiography are highlighted. Principles of general pathology applied to individual organs. Systemic Pathology.Hypertensive heart disease, heart failure and cardiomyopathies. Respiratory – Tuberculosis, pneumonia, Nephropathy associated with infestations and infections. CNS, special senses.Malignant lymphomas (non-Hodgkins and Hodgkins lymphoma, Burkitts).Idiopathic-tropical splenomegaly syndrome. Liver –cirrhosis liver cells carcinoma. Hepatitis.Female reproductive organs –pelvic inflammatory diseases.Cancer-cervical, trophoblast, ovarian.Skin leprosy, kaposis sarcoma.Electron microscopy- preparation of materials for electron microscopy. Toxicity of some reagents used in Electron microscopy. Techniques involved in autoradiography, Laboratory Management. Quality control and automation in histopathology laboratory.Slide Reporting.

 

MLS 553: HISTOCHEMISTRY AND HISIOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES (3 Credits)

Enzyme histochemistry and its diagnostic application.The theory of stains and application, metallic impregnation and various histochemical methods.The dye theory.Properties of natural and synthetic dyes.Composition, preparation and storage of staining reagents.Testing of reagents. Common nuclear stain and counter stain for general tissue structures. Staining methods to demonstrate elastic, connective tissues and fibers. Toxicity of some reagents used as it applies to auto-radiography, electron microscopy and ultra microtomy. Suitable fixatives for use, processing techniques, impregnation/embedding and slide preparation /interpretation.

 

MLS 554: MEDICAL CYTOLOGY (2 Credits)

Study of epithelial cells.Introduction/definition of medical exfoliative cytology.Definitions and principle of exfoliative cytological methods.Gynaecological and non gynaecologicalcytology.Cytology of normal and malignant cells.Diagnostics criteria for all malignancy.Kinds of tumours.Methods of collection of samples for gynaecological non gynaecological. Types of fixatives used. Staining techniques applied. Hormonal evaluation/assessment .Identification of virus, parasites.Micro-organisms and fungi in smears. Slide identification/interpretations. Principle of liquid basal cytology. Usefulness and advantages, disadvantages and diagnostic application.

 

MLS 555: EMBALMENT SCIENCE AND MUSEUM TECHNIQUES (2 Credits)

History and science of embalmment. Formalin based embalmment techniques. Other methods of preservation of dead, cryopreservation (history, procedure and applications) and mummification (history, procedure and applications).Different embalmment techniques and problems.Museum mounting of whole organs, techniques, importance and application.Factors affecting embalming fluids.Setting up a mortuary/medical museum. Forensic pathology as it applies to post mortem examination, recording of pathological changes of organs and collection of clinical data during autopsy especially as it relates to drowning poisoning, strangulation e.t.c. Practical based on the above topics are adviced. Dogs/goats can be used for practical exercise.

 

MLS 556: IMMUNOCHEMISTRY    (2 Credits)

Immunohistochemistry/immunocytochemistry, basic principles, staining procedures and techniques.Peroxidase and anti peroxidase major histocompatibility.Immuotyping of tumors, proteins and other diseases.Antibody and antigen preparation from cells and tissues.Human leucocytes antigen. Reading and interpretation of immunohistochemical/ immunocytochemical stained slides. Preparation and production of immunohistochemical/immunocytological stains.

 

MLS 557: STAINS AND STAINING TECHNIQUES          (3 Credits)

Rapid H&E Frozen section, grams techniques. Maccivello techniques, phloxinetetrazine, ziehl nelson, Perl’s Prussian blue, schmorl’s reaction, Masson Fontana, Feulgen Reaction, Giemsa, H&E, Gordon and Sweets, Haem Van Gieson, P.A.S., Jone’sMathenamine Sliver, Congo Red, Verhoeff’s MSB,PAS/Orange G.,Aldehydefuchsin, Heidenhains iron haem, P.T.A.H., Alcian blue/PAS, Best’s Kossa, Oil Red O., Nile bule method. Bieschosky’s method, Marsland, Glee’s method, papannicolaou, Barr body count, Hormonal Evaluation Gynae.

 

MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY SPECIALITY

MLS 561:  SYSTEMATIC BACTERIOLOGY          (3 Credits)

History of pathogenic microbiology. Normal body flora, pathogens sources of infection, laboratory diagnosis and identification of bacteria. The pyogenic cocci, (Staphi, Strep, Pneumococci and Neisseriae).The enterobacteriaeceae, coliforms, gastroenteritis, samonellosis, Shigallosis, choleras, Vibrios, Pseudomonae, Bacteriodesetc.TheHaemophlic bacillus (haemophilus, Brucellae, Yersinia, Bordetellaetc.Anaerobic Spore formers, Aerobic spore formers, (Bacillus, Clostridia, Spirochetes, Mycobacterium), Rickettsiae, Chalamydiae Mycoplasma, L-forms, Listeria, Erysipelothrix, Bartonella etc.General pathology, epidemiology, features, diagnosis, control and therapy anaerobiosis

 

MLS 562: ADVANCED ENTOMOLOGY    (3 Credits)

Structure and classification of Arthropods of medical importance. Dipterial:- Families – Culicidea, Psychodidae, Sunuliidae, Ceratopogonidae, Tabanidae, Muscidae, Calliophoridae, oestridae, Hemiptera: Families – Cimicidae, ReduviidaeAnoplura: Family – PediculidaeSiphonaptera: Families – Pubicidae, Ceratophillidae, Leptosylliae, tungidaeAcerina:- Families- Ixodidae, Argasudae, Trombiculidac, Sarcoptidae, Demodicidae, Dermanyssidae, Poroceohalidae, Liunguatulidae

Special Topics

The epidemiology and geographical distribution of human diseases.Larval migrants.Group Spirochaetaccea Immune reactions (serology).

 

MLS 563: PUBLIC HEALTH MICROBIOLOGY   (3 credits)

General principles of microbial disease transmission – waterborne, airborne, food borne, arthropod-borne and contagious disease.Principles and techniques for water treatment, waste-water disposal.Preventive measures in the control of bacterial, parasitic and viral infections.Vaccines and immunisation.  Immunisationprogramme and schedule (EPI).

 

MLS 564: MEDICAL MYCOLOGY            (3 credits)

General characteristics of fungi’s diseases, types of mycoses and properties; opportunistic fungi, Diagnosis and chemotherapy, Systemic mycosies (Cryptococcosis-Blastomycoses, Histoplasmosis, Coccidiodomycoses).Opportunistic mycoses (candidaesis, Phycomycoses; sporotrichoses, Chromoblastomycosis, etc.)Cutaneous mycoses- Dermatophytoses.Superficialmycoses.General properties, pathogenesis, diagnosis, epidemiology, control and recognition of fungi.

 

MLS 565: MEDICAL VIROLOGY              (3 credits)

The dermatropic and viscerotropic viruses. Smallpox, cowpox, and vaccination; measles, rubella, chickenpox and shingles, Herpes Viruses,Yellow fever, lassa fever, Hep A, B and C, influenza, arbo viruses. The neurotropic viruses (rabies, poliomyelitis, encephalitis, Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis viruses, mumps, viral transformation and types of tumors and viruses.Oncogen theory etc. Viral gastroenteritis, miscellaneous, viruses, vaccines, production and immunization.

 

MLS 566: PHARMACEUTICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND MICROBIAL GENETICS

 (3 Credits)

Principle of Antibiotics and chemotherapy.Mode of bacterial resistance to antibiotics.Sensitivity testing.Preparation of antibiogramdics.Minimum inhibitory concentration of antibiotics.History of antibiotics, mode of action, classification, antibiotics assay, use of animal model in the study of microbial infections.Evolution and inheritance mutation.Bacterial DNA in hereditary and mutation.Molecular basis of mutation, isolation of mutants.bacteriophages, plasmids, episomes, transposons and bacterial DNA transfers. Recombinant DNA technology and its applications.

 

MLS 567: LABORATORY TECHNIQUES IN MICROBIOLOGY   (3 Credits)

Culture media (Different types, compounding from basic constituent and preparation of media). Examination, cultivation and identification of bacteria from different samples, pleural, csf, urine, sputum, ascitic fluid. Blood culture, High vaginal swab, wound swabs, ear, eye, nasal and other swabs. Stool bacteriology. Sputum bacteriology.Urine bacteriology.Systemic fungal culture and identification.Semen analysis. Special -serological tests. ASO, Widal, VDRL, Rheumatoid factor. Complement fixation, neutralization, haemagglutination tests for identification of micro-organisms.General identification of microorganisms by animal inoculation.Biochemical test for the identification of bacteria and fungi.

ADMISSION REQUIREMENTS

1. Admission through UTME:
2. Candidates must satisfy the minimum University requirements for admission and are therefore to obtain credits in five subjects of English Language, Mathematics, Biology, Physics and Chemistry in SSCE or its equivalent in not more than two sittings.
3. In addition to the above, the candidate must have an acceptable score in the Unified Tertiary Matriculation Examination (UTME) conducted by JAMB.
4. Admission by Direct Entry:
5. Candidates holding three GCE A/L in Biology, Chemistry and Physics plus O/L Credits in five subjects of English Language, Mathematics, Biology, Physics and Chemistry.
6. Candidate who transfers from other faculties of the University with relevant prerequisites.

• B.Sc. degree in relevant science disciplines like Zoology, Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology, Biochemistry, etc; as approved by the senate.

1. HND in relevant fields as approved by the senate.